On 11 November 1675, German polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz forever transformed the landscape of mathematics by demonstrating integral calculus, a revolutionary method to determine the area under the graph of the function \( y = f(x) \).
This breakthrough provided a systematic approach to solving problems that required summing infinitesimal differences, laying the groundwork for mathematical analysis and influencing disciplines ranging from physics to engineering.
By introducing integral calculus alongside his notation system, which remains in use today, Leibniz's contribution was instrumental in cementing calculus as a foundational component of modern mathematics.
